Archives par étiquette : Habyarimana Juvénal

Bukeye

None twaba twibeshya k’uwo duhanganye ?

Joseph Bukeye

Maze iminsi nkurikirana intambara z’amagambo  akarishye acicikana kuli Internet nkibaza niba tutarimo gusubira mu bihe twanyuzemo mu myaka ya 90. Ujanishije ibivugwa kuli FDU n’ibivugwa muli iyi minsi ku butegetsi bwa Kagame bwuduhejeje imahanga, wasanga  FDU ariyo yibasiwe cyane kurusha Kagame. Nkaba ari aha mvuga nti birabe ibyuya, kuko  ntaho twaba tujya.

Birumvikana ko ibivugwa kuli Internet bitagomba kwibagiza ko kenshi ari abantu bamwe bihinduranya  kugirango rubanda ikeke ko ari igitekerezo cya benshi. Nongere nshimire abarwanashyaka nyabo ba FDU bakomeje kwima amatwi  ayo  magambo.

Imbarutso y’iyi ntambara y’amagambo yabaye icyemezo FDU yafashe cyo kutajya mu myigaragambyo y’i Paris. Sinatinya kuvuga  ariko ko ari n’urwitwazo ku bari basangaywe amasinde n’ishyaka.

Bamwe bati wavugira abanyarwanda ute utemera itariki ya 6 avril, abandi bati basigaye bari mu kwaha kwa RNC. Nyamara bamwe mu bakwiza ayo magambo bakanyura ku ruhande bakabwira RNC ngo nive mu kwaha kwa FDU ize i Paris.

Abandi bati FDU iri mukubuza abantu kujya muli iyo myigaragambyo. Hari n’abagaciye bati FDU ntabwo ikunda abatikiriye muli iyo ndege kubera aho bavuka. Ni agahoma munwa. Nkaba ntazinduwe no guterana amagambo n’abo bantu kuko twahisemo ibikorwa, urubuga rw’amagambo tukarurekera abarushaka. Nzinduwe no gusobanurira ababyifuza aho duhagaze.

Igitekerezo cya mbere cy’iyo myigaragambyo cyavutse na rapport itarasakara hanze. Abagize icyo gitekerezo bifashishaga ibyo ibinyamakuru byari byanditse. Aho rapport isohokeye mwabonye ko ntaho yari ihuriye n’ibyanditswe. Twabanje kuvuga ko tutakwigaragambiriza rapport itaraboneka ngo tuyisome birambuye, hato tutajya kurya amagambo. Twanasabye ko hari ibindi byagombye kubahirizwa mu mitegurire y’iyo nama. Ibyifuzo byacu  ntibyubahirijwe, ahubwo hakurikiye amagambo n’impuha.

Ibivugwa muli iyo rapport rero biraduhangayikishije ababivuga ukundi ni ababeshyi. Gusa twahisemo ubundi buryo bwo ku byerekana kandi ni uburenganzira bwacu, kereka niba abakwirakwiza ibinyoma bashaka ko twese dutekereza kimwe. Twaba dusubiye inyuma  igihe duharanira ko haba diversité d’opinions.

Ikindi kintu cyagaragaye n’imihindurire ya buri kanya y’inshingano y’iyo nama. Abayiteguye barabanje bati tuzamagana iriya rapport. Aho twababwiye ko iriya rapport atari iy’umucamanza, ko ari iy’aba techniciens  umucamanza yashyikirije ababurana, kugirango bagire icyo bayivugaho.  Ikindi kandi mu muco w’i Burayi turi, kwigaragambya ku bucamanza birebeka nko kuka igitutu ubucamanza. Iyo utishimye imikirize y’urubanza  ntujya mu mihanda ujya mu rukiko rwisumbuye. Turatanga iyihe sura twamagana ubucamanza turimo gusaba kuturenganura mu zindi manza ? Arusha babaye imanza nyinshi tutishimiye imikirize. Aho kubyamagana muri ayo magambo ahubwo twakomeje gusaba ko urukiko rwakurikirana abandi bakekwaho ibyaha.

Byageze aho abategura iyo nama bahinduye bati noneho ni ukwibuka itariki ya 6. Nta gisobanuro twigeze tubona kuri iryo hinduka ry’ikigamijwe, kuko iyo usomye amatangazo yahise utabona neza impamvu ibyari kwamagana rapport  bivuyemo urwibutso. Byaba se mama ari ugushaka kuburizamo urwibutso FDU na RNC byateganyaga ?

Ibyo aribyo byose kutifatanya n’abazajya i Paris ntibyatubujije gutanga umusanzu wacu mu kwerekana ko iyo rapport ibogamye. Nyuma y’aho itangarijwe, FDU yabaye mu bambere mukugaragaza ko itayishimye binyuze mu itangazo. Twasezeranye ko tuzashyikiriza umucamanza ibitekerezo byacu mu nyandiko. Twarabikoze ndetse ababa batarabonye inyandiko yacu nayibagezaho. Ntabwo twariye amagambo muri iyo nyandiko.

Barongera bati FDU ntiyemera itariki ya 6 Mata. Uretse kuraguza umutwe kw’abatera bakiyikiriza, sinzi aho bavana iyi mvugo. Ese indi myaka ko ntabyo bavugaga ko tutigeze tujyayo nk’ishyaka ? FDU ntabwo ishinzwe kwandika amateka kandi nkeka ko n’abavuga ayo magambo ari uko. Twemera,  kandi ntituri twenyine, ko ihanurwa ry’indege ya président Habyarimana ariyo yabaye imbarutso ya génocide kandi ntitwahwemye, haba mu nyandiko, haba mu mvugo gusaba ko abakoze ayo mahano babiryozwa. Ndetse benshi muri twe banatanze ubuhamya mu bucamnaza. Ibindi byose ni ugupapira kw’abashaka impamvu yo kudusesereza kubera inyugu za politiki.

Twifatanyije kandi mu kababaro n’imiryango y’abatikiriye muli iryo hanurwa ry’indege. Kabone niyo waba utaremeraga Habyarimana, mu kinyarwanda baca umugani ngo inkoni ikubise mukeba uyirenza urugo. Tudashatse kumenya iby’urupfu rwe byaba bivuga ko twemera iyo nzira yo kumena amaraso kugira ngo ubutegetsi buhinduke. Gusa sinkeka ko abazaba bari i Paris hari icyo baturusha muli iyo compassion.

Ikindi giteye impungenge ngo nta kuntu wavugira abanyarwanda utagiye kwifatanya n’abandi i Paris. Hari igihe bamwe bibeshya ko bahagarariye u Rwanda rwose, bibereye mu ma salon yabo cyangwa kuri Internet. Abayarwanda benshi tuzi aho bari. Ndetse twabaye ku isonga mukubasanga i Rwanda kugirango dufatanye nabo urugambwa rwo kwibohoza igitugu. Twiyemeje guhuza abanyarwanda aho kubatanya. Niyo mpamvu twemera ko aho kugirango buri wese yibuke mu nguni ye, twari dukwiye kwibukira hamwe ku itariki twakumvikana ho twese, abahutu n’abatutsi. U Rwanda duharanira gusubiramo rurimo amoko yose, niba twemera ko rugomba guhinduka, ruzahinduka buri muntu yumva akababaro k’undi. Ntiruzahinduka buri buntu yigunga ukwe. Tuzakomeza iyo nzira kugeza igihe bizagaragara ko twibeshye.

Ngo twaba tubuza abantu kujya i Paris.  Muri fundraising y’ubushize, jyewe ubwanjye navugiye i Bruxelles mu ruhame ko uwifuza kujya i Paris ntawe tuzatangira. Ese ubundi uretse kuduharabika tubifitiye ubushobozi ? Niba duharanira ukwishyira ukizana mu Rwanda, ntibyakumvikana ko mu ishyaka ndani twahatira abantu gukora icyo badashaka. Icyo twavuze kandi dushimangira, ni uko tutazajya i Paris nk’ishyaka kubera impamvu nasobanuye hejuru. Ibyo gukangisha abantu ngo nutaza i Paris biraba bigaragaye ko utemera italiki ya 6 Mata, ko utinya kuvugira abahutu cyangwa se ko uri mu kwaha kw’abatutsi, tubifata nk’iterabwoba. Igihe cyose tuzaba twifata gutyo nkeka ko ntaho twaba tujya.

Nkaba ndangiza mbasaha ko aho gukwirakwiza amagambo adafite ishingiro, ababishoboye twahurira i Bruxelles taliki ya 31 mars tukajya impaka zubaka imbona nkubone, mu bwubahane, nta gitugu.

Joseph BUKEYE

Yuvenari Habyarimana, prezida w'u Rwanda : 1973-1994

Ninde warashe indege ya Habyalimana

Yuvenari Habyarimana, prezida w'u Rwanda : 1973-1994

Iyi rapport ya Trévidic biragaragara ko izanye ibintu bibili by’ingenzi: kutubwira aho missile yarashe indege ya Habyalimana yaturutse , icya kabili kutubwira ubwoko bwa missile yarashe iyo ndege. Izi elements zombi nizo mperaho nkora analyse yo kureba uwaba yararashe indege ya Habyalimana.   Mu by’ukuri kumenya aho indege yarasiwe ntibiduha information nyinshi zituma tumenya uwaba yararashe indege. Ariko kumenya ubwoko bwa missile yarashe indege bishobora kudufasha kumenya uwarashe iyo ndege.

1. UBWOKO BWA MISSILE

Icyo iyi rapport ya Trévidic ihuriyeho n’iya Bruguière ni uko bose bahuriza ko iyo missile yarashe indege ya Habyalimana ari Missile SA16 yakorewe mu Burusiya. Ikibazo twakwibaza mu rwego rwo kumenya uwarashe indege ni kureba icyo gisasu cyarashe indege arinde wari ugitunze  hagati ya ba FAR na ba FPR ? Ama rapport ya Minuar ndetse na za facture z’intwaro zerekana ko aba FAR iyo missile SA16 ntayo bagiraga .

Naho ku gice cya FPR  birazwi ko FPR yakoresheje izo misile bien avant mu ntambara ihanura helicoptère ebyiri za ba FAR. Ikindi icyo gisasu byagaragaye ko ari leta ya Uganda yakiguze bahereye mu ma facture yerekanwe baguzemo intwaro. Ibi Museveni ntiyigeze abihakana ko koko iyo missile SA16 bari bayifite mu ntwaro zabo. Icyo yongeraho ni uko yavuze ko  aba FPR bamwibye intwaro cyangwa ko batorotse igisirikari cya NRA bagatera u Rwanda.

Ikindi MINUAR yari ifite intwaro nyinshi yazanye ije muri mission ya ONU kugeza uyu munsi nta muntu ndumva avuga ko intwaro bazanye zose zari ziwi ku buryo iyo missile SA16 nabo bataba bari bayifite. Ese buri contingent yazanaga intwaro ishaka cyangwa bari bafite intwaro bagomba kuzana n’izo batagomba kuzana ? Ni iki cyatwemeza ko iyo missile muri MINUAR nabo batari bayifite ?

2. ABA MARINES B’ABANYAMERIKA I BUJUMBURA

Umuntu yakwibaza impamvu President Clinton yohereje aba marines bagera kuri 300 i Bujumbura vers le 2 Avril 94 kandi nyuma y’indege iguye bahise basubirayo mu ma le 10 Avril 94. Abo basilikari kuki ataribo baba barinjiye mu gihugu biyita MINUAR, binjijwe n’umukozi wabo Dallaire ? Uniforme se za MINUAR ntibyavuzwe ko hari iz’ababiligi zazimiye ? Nibande bari bazikeneye ? Abanyarwanda se ? non. Ese twamenya gute nta ba marines binjiye mu gihugu bafashijwe na MINUAR nuko bagakoresha iyo missile SA16 yari mu Rwanda ? Iyo missile kuyigeza i Kanombe aho bavuga ko barasiye indege ntibyari kunanira MINUAR kuko nta barrière nimwe yabahagarikaga cyangwa ngo ibasake. Uwo mucommando w’umunyamerika waba yarakoresheje iyo missile ya FPR  niwe abaturage babonye yambaye imyenda ya MINUAR y’ababiligi nuko rumeur ko Habyalimana yishwe n’ababiligi igahera ho ?

3. URUHARE RW’ABAFARANSA

Abafaransa mbere na mbere barashaka ko uruhare rwabo mu gutoza interahamwe rutongera kuvugwa ndetse ko n’abasilikari babo badakomeza gushyirwa mu majwi n’ubutegetsi bwa Kigali. Ndetse bamwe mu bayobozi bakuru ntibahisha ko bibarakaza guhora batungwa agatoki twavuga nka ba Alain Juppé n’abandi ba officiers bakuru. Ikindi Abafaransa  ubu icyo bashaka ni ukugarukana influence muri Africa no gushaka aho biba umutungo kuko crise economique iri kubakomanga ku rugi aho mu Burayi.

Ni muri urwo rwego Abafaransa bo icyo bakeneye ni ugushyira inyungu zabo imbere ya byose.  Ntibifuza ko reputation yabo ikomeza kugaragurwa mu cyondo kandi bakaba banishakira aho bakura cash kubera ko ka crise kari kubageraho vuba vuba. Niyo mpamvu nabo bakeneye kujya muri Congo, Cote d’Ivoire, Lybie, etc kugirango igihugu cyabo gihumeke ho gato. Mu mishyikirano hagati ya Sarkozi na Kagame iherutse i Paris umwaka ushize president Kagame yavuze ko ibyabaye ari ukubyibagirwa ko ubu ari ukureba imbere.

Ayo masezerano rero niyo tubona uyu munsi Kagame abwira Sarkozy ngo izo rapport muzikore ku buryo FPR idashyirwa mu majwi y’abarashe indege naho na France nayo yunguke mu bucuruzi kandi n’izina ryabo ntiryongere kugaragurwa mu cyondo baregwa kuba aba genocidaire bashyigikiye leta ya Habyalimana. Niba Kagame yarabemereye isoko ryo kwibamo rya Congo aho ama compagnie yabo azaza kuvoma nayo nabo bakamwizeza ko nta suite izaba kuri iyo rapport y’uwarashe indege, ubwo byagaragara ko ubucamanza bwanyonzwe ko ibyo tubona ubu ari ukumvikana muri politiki ntaho bihuriye n’ukuri ku byabaye.

4. URUHARE RWA MINUAR

MINUAR ya Dallaire yagize uruhare rukomeye mu iraswa rya Habyalimana. Icya mbere nibo bacungaga intwaro zose mu mu gi wa Kigali, icya kabili banyuraga kuri barrière zose badasatswe. Bivuze ko niba MINUAR iri muri coup yo kurasa indege kugeza umu commando (umunyamerika, umu FPR, etc..) aho arasira ndetse no kuhageza iyo missile SA16 byari byoroshye cyane kuribo. Niba iyo missile yarashoboye kwinjira muri Parlement ku Kimihurura iherekejwe na Minuar kuva ku Mulindi kugera muri Parlement, ntabwo MINUAR byari kuyinanira kwongera kuyigeza i Kanombe aho bavuga ko tir zaturutse.

Agasozi ka Kanombe rero ni kanini si ngombwa ko urasa aba ari muri camp Kanombe. Kuba MINUAR yarahitaga ku ma barrière yose badasatswe byerekana ko bashoboraga gufasha umuntu warashe indege niba ahubwo atari umwe muri bo. Nk’ababiligi bashyizwe mu majwi ko baba bararashe iyo ndege. Kuvana missile muri Parlement bakayigeza i Kanombe byari byoroshye cyane kuko nta mu ntu numwe wabasakaga bahitaga ku ma barrière yose.

Ikindi twibuka ni uko muri icyo gihe MINUAR ariyo yakoraga controle y’intwaro zose muri Kigali mu bice byombi kuba FAR no kuri FPR. Bivuze ko bari bazi circulation yose y’intwaro mu mugi kuko banagiraga imfunguzo za stock z’imbunda mu ma camp militaire kuko hose bahagiraga abantu babo bareba ko imbunda zitangwa.

5. URUHARE RWA BA FAR

Iyi rapport ya Trévidic nubwo itavuga barashe indege, ubu mu ma television y’isi yose biravugwa ko Habyalimana yishwe n’abantu bo muri camps ye b’aba extremistes Hutu. Iyi thèse biragoye kuyemera kuko aba FAR nta missile SA16 bagiraga nkuko nabivuze hejuru. Ariko rero aba FAR bashobora kuba batararabutswe ko hari abafaransa bashoboraga kurasa iriya ndege ya Habyalimana bagiranye ibanga na ba FAR bacye cyane. Abo bafaransa nta mu FAR numwe wabishishaga kandi bageraga ahantu hose kandi bagaca ku ma barrière badasatswe.

Ubundi uyu mu jugeTrévidic agomba no kwerekana uruhare rw’abafaransa nka ba Paul Baril kuko hari n’abavuga ko ariwe warashe Habyalimana. Ninde wamuhaye ikiraka ?  Naho se Major Saint Quintin we wagiye gushaka boite noire mu ndege indege ikigwa ? Iyi thèse nayo irashoboka kuko abafaransa nibo bagize accès kuri site indege yaguyeho ninabo batwaye boite noire itarigeze iboneka cyangwa barayisibye kubera des informations compromettantes.  Abafaransa bo hari anabavuga ko bifuzaga kubura imirwano no kuburizamo amasezerano ya Arusha. Niba Habyalimana yarabatunguye agasinya baba aribo bamuhitanye ? Ikibazo ese iyo missile yarashe ya SA16 bari bayifite abo ba Paul Baril ? Iyi missile niyo ishobora gutuma piste yabo ikurwamo.

6. URUHARE RWA FPR

Duhereye kuri iyo missile SA16 yarashe indege ya Habyalimana, dusanga mu gice cya FPR iyo missile bari bayitunze. Iyo missile (bakuye mu Buganda nkuko ama factures y’ubuguzi muri Uganda abyerekana) bigeze no kuyikoresha mbere bahanura za helicoptères za ba FAR. Kandi abasilikari ba FPR 600 bari muri Parlement ku Kimihurura bashoboye kuyivana ku Mulindi bayigeza ku Kimihurura bagiye mu byabindi byo kuzana inkwi. Kandi uko bajyagayo buri gihe bagombaga kuba baherekejwe na MINUAR.

Niba rero iyo missile yarashoboye kuva ku Mulindi ikagera ku Kimihurura ni uko na MINUAR yabigizemo uruhare kuko yari ishinzwe gusaka imbunda ndetse no kubuza inyanyagizwa ry’imbunda muri Kigali muri cya gihe cy’amasezerano ya Arusha. Niba rero iyo missile SA16 barasanze ariyo yakoreshejwe mu kurasa indege birerekana ko FPR ishobora gutungwa agatoki kuko nibo bari batunze iyo missiles kandi aba FAR iyo missiles ntayo bari batunze. Ubu rapport ya Trévidic na Bruguière bemeza bombi ko missile yarashe iyo ndege ari SA16 yakorewe mu Burusiya. FPR rero yari iyifite yarayikuye i Buganda kuko abaganda bo ntibahakana ko bari bazitunze muri stock y’intwaro zabo.

7. URUHARE RWA HABYALIMANA

Iyi rapport ya Trévidic isa nkigira umwere Habyalimana kuko niba propagande zivuga ko yishwe na ba hutu extremistes babonaga ajenjetse kandi ko yari yemeye amasezerano ya Arusha, byerekana ko ibyo tuvuga kuri Habyalimana ko ariwe wateguye genocide ataribyo. Niba yaragombaga kubanza kwicwa kugirango genocide itangire ahubwo icyo gihe twavuga ko Habyalimana ari le premier victime du genocide. Ubwo niba Kigali ikomeza kwemeza ko Habyalimana yishwe na ba extremiste hutu kugirango genocide tutsi itangire bivuze ko Habyalimana abaye heros national kandi ko agomba gushyingurwa mu irimbi ry’intwari zarwanyije genocide. Il faut être cohérant.

CONCLUSION

Mu gusoza navuga ko kumenya aho igisasu cyarasiwe bidahagije ngo umenye uwarashe uwo ariwe. Ariko kumenya igisasu cyakoreshejwe mu kurasa indege bishobora gufasha kugera ku muntu warashe iyo ndege. Ikindi kumenya gukoresha iyo missile bisaba kuba warafashe amasomo agera ku masaha 60. Duhereye kubyo navuze hejuru navuga  ko hari piste enye z’abantu bashobora kuba bararashe Habyalimana uyu mucamanza agomba gukurikira:

1. Abantu bagomba kubaza icyo abo basilikari b’abanyamerika bakoraga i Burundi depuis le 2 Avril kugera le 10 Avril 94 ? Ese baba barashoboye kwiyoberanya muri MINUAR bafashijwe na Dallaire ? Ese uwarashe indege ni umwe muribo ? Bari baje gukora iki muri icyo gihe ? Aba bantu ko nta rapport nimwe bagaragaramo ?

2. Ku rundi ruhande aba FPR bari batunze iriya missile SA16  kuko bigeze guhanura za helicoptère za ba FAR mu gihe cy’intambara. Kugera aho kuri site barasiye indege ese MINUAR yaba yarabafashije kuhagera no gutambutsa icyo gisasu cyari kibitse muri Parlement ko bizwi ko MINUAR nta muntu wayihagarikaga kuri barrière ?

3. Niba ari Ababiligi barayirashe bivuze ko bitwikiriye akazi kabo ka MINUAR nuko bagakorera akazi FPR bakoresheje icyo gisasu cya FPR cyari kibitse ku Kimihurura ?

4. Niba ari abafaransa Paul Baril cyangwa Saint-Quintin barashe indege baba barakoraga na bamwe ba extremiste hutu ? Ese iyo missile SA16 baba barayikuyehe ? Ese kuki boite noire babonye ku ndege bahisemo kuyisha ni iki cyatumaga batayitangaza directement niba ntacyo bikekaga ?

Izo nizo piste enye  à suivre ku barashe Habyarimana. Piste ya ba FAR yo iragoye kuyemera kuko batagiraga iyo missile, kandi MINUAR yari yarakoze inventaire zose z’intwaro zari zihari iyo missile y’ubwo bwoko yakorewe mu Burusiya ntayo bagiraga. Umuntu warashe indege ni umuntu washoboraga kubona iriya missile SA16 niyo mpamvu piste y’abasilikari ba Habyalimana idashoboka kuko ntayo bagiraga.

Ikindi uruhare rwa MINUAR mu kurasa iyi ndege ni runini cyane ku buryo abari muri iyo mission ya MINUAR nibi ba mbere bagomba guhatwa ibibazo kuko bazi byinshi cyane. Kuba nta muntu ubavuga ni uko bakoreraga akazi une puissance iri hejuru. Iyi rapport ya Trévidic navuga ko icyo izanye gusa ari ukumenya aho indege yarasiwe ko ari ku gasozi ka Kanombe kandi ikanatumenyesha ubwoko bwa missile yarashe indege. Naho akazi gasigaye ko ni kenshi mu nzira yo kumenya ukuri. Abari muri propagande zo kuvuga abarashe indege bo nibabe bitonze ntakaraba.

N’AKATARAZA KARI INYUMA.
TITO KAYIJAMAHE.
Montreal – Canada

Byakuwe kuri DHR 12/01/2012