Archives mensuelles : janvier 2012

Igishyimbo

Ibishyimbo bishingirirwa/foto wikipédia

Ngwino cyamamare nkurate
Ngwino cyatwa cy’abanyarwanda
Wowe uturwanaho buri teka
Wowe udutera umunezero.
Ingabo itabarana uriya mutoya

Nta bwo itakara ku rugamba
Ngo ingabo utwaye zitatane
Uhora uyisura ukayisukura
Bugacya ugerekaho iyisumbye.
Ari ugushakira amasuhuko

Abatagutunze bageze ikaga.
Reka nsobanure ingabo iganje
Wenda muri twe habamo bamwe
Batanyumva uko nyibabwiye
Bakayikekamo isuri isanzwe!

Ka kababi k’umugondoro
Gakura buhoro ijoro n’umunsi
Umurima ukabamo ingarama nziza,
Inzara iratsindwa uba uzibye icyuho,
Icyoko cyizihiye rubanda

Ikibabi ukinze ukiri mutoya,
Kibona ibindi by’agasukiranyo
Waba ushonje ukajya gusoroma
Kugeza uvanga n’imiteja,
Imitima ikururuka mu bantu

Bakabitonora aho mu iturira
Izuba ryavamo nka gatanu,
Bakabitoranya babitwara,
Bakabisanza mu rugo hose,
Bakabisura bagasusuruka

Ukumva imirishyo hirya no hino
Abantu bose birya icyara
Ngo cya cyago izaca hehe?
Ko tubihuye tukabihunika
Uretse ibyo twahaho abacuruzi

Tugura akunyu ko kubirisha
Imitiba ihunitse izajya hehe?

Ese Perezida Kagame ni umubeshyi?

Paul Kagame i Bruseli mu Bubiligi mu kwane 1990. Aragambana kuzatera u Rwanda.

Ubwo yari muri Uganda mu minsi ya Noheri we n’umuryango we, perezida Kagame yahuye n’abanyamakuru avuga ko Ingabire yemeye ibyaha aregwa, ndetse ashumangira ko ba avoka be bamutaye ko batazongera kwumwunganira. Ubwo yavugaga cyane cyane wa mwongereza Iain Edwards. Nyamara nkuko byagaragaye, uwo avoka yari mu rubanza uyu munsi ku ya 16/01/2012 aje kuburanira Madamu Vigitoriya Ingabire, perezida w’ishyaka FDU-Inkingi.

Ubushinjacyaha bugomba kuba bwatunguwe nuko uwo mwongereza uburanira Ingabire yari mu rubanza noneho bushaka amanyanga yo gusubikisha urubanza. Bwavuze ko butararangiza gushyira mu kinyarwanda no mu cyongereza ibimenyetso ngo byavuye mu Buholandi. Burya koko, ngo ubwira umwumva ntavunika. Abacamanza rero bahise bemera icyo cyifuzo cy’ubushinjacyaha. Basubitse urubanza kugeza ku ya 13/02/2012. Birimo rero n’agahimano kuko uwo mwongereza yakoze urugendo rurerure rwo kuva iwabo kugera i Kigali, none ngo kuburana ntibishoboka.

Ikindi kibeshyo Kagame yavuze ngo ni uko Ingabire yemeye icyaha. Nabyo byagaragaye ko koko ari ibihimbano kuko, Ingabire iyo yemera icyaha ntabwo aba yagarutse kuburana. Umwera uturutse ibukuru rero, bucya wakwiriye hose. Abategetsi benshi b’u Rwanda ni ikinyoma bagenderaho. Ari ibyo kuburabuza abaturage, ari ukubafungira ubusa, iteka usanga bahimba ibinyoma ngo bishyire aheza mubyo bakora.

Twibutse kandi ko hari umunyamakuru, nyamara w’umufana wa FPR, wavuze ko perezida Kagame ari umubeshyi. Ni Koleta Braeckman wandikira ikinyamakuru « Le soir » cy’i Bruseli mu Bubiligi. Hari n’abandi bategetsi b’abanyamahanga bagiye babikomozaho, kuko babaga bavuganye na Kagame, ariko agahindukira akivugira ibindi. Mu kinyarwanda ngo kwemera ntibibuza uwanga kwanga. Kagame yarabeshye ku byerekeye gutera inkambi z’abahutu muri Congo, yarabeshye kubyerekeranye na Lawurenti Nkunda,…

Ngibyo, nguko.

Amakuruki Press

Inkera y’abatutsi n° 2

Umunsi wari uciye ikibu
Abatutsi basakabaga
Nyamara batasinze
Bamwe bafashe akabando
Basigasira amabondo
Indagara zabaye indagara
Kalisa na Mutsindashyaka banyuzwa mu misoto
Bagaruka mu nkera bahotsweNdaranganya amaso mu nkera
Abatutsi batasize n’iyonka
Mbonamo abasazi
Mbonamo abasizi
Mbonamo imfura nke
N’ubututsi butuye mu mfuruka z’abatutsi
Bushinzwe gusetsa no guseka urumenesha
Nyamara bose biswe abatutsiMbona Roza Kabuye abebera
N’imbehe y’indagara mu gikondorero
Akebaguza yiheza
Asekura inkingi agwa agaramye
Twikanga ko akuyemo inda
Bitaratinda turahumurizwa
Ngo ntiyari inda zari indagara
Baraseka bya gitutsi

Mu basizi mbona Ngarambe
N’inkoni n’inkuyo
Avuga amazina y’indagara
Mbanza no kugira ngo ni ay’inka
Nibuka ko muri gahunda y’ingoma
Inka zasimbuwe n’indagara

Mu basazi mbona Mazimpaka
Yari yanze kurya indagara
N’itoroshi mu ntoki amurika
Nyamara amatara mu rugwiro ari inzora
Mubajije icyo ahamura ati ndashakisha
Musobanuje icyo yataye
Ati nabuze umututsi mu nkera
Menya ntyo ko ari umusazi

Mwereka umubyeyi wari hafi y’umugabe
Yari yasokoje uruhanika
Asa na nyina w’Imana
Nawe amubonera inenge
Ngo yagorewe ku ngoma nka Murorunkwere
Acuruza amata ari umugabekazi
Icyansi kimwe ku ruhimbi
kivanwamo amata
Cyibikwamo amahera

Sinizimba mu magambo
Mwereka Bizimungu
Wasaga n’uwigunze
Nka Musinga ku Nkombo
Nawe amubonera icyaha
Ngo yagizwe umworo yari umwiru
Ibyo binyibutsa Kayijuka k’impumyi
Nti nibyo ingoma zifitanye isano
Sinanabitindaho turakomeza

Mwereka Biruta wasinziriye mu nkera
Umutwe urambitse mu mbehe
Ayikomba agona nyamara akamira
Abonerwa inenge ngo si umututsi ni Nkundiye
Binyibutsa mwene Kabego
Wahatswe neza n’ingoma yambaye se
Nshaka isano ndaribura
Sinanabasha gukomeza

Umukono Polisi asaba ijambo
Ashimira Kagame n’indagara
Ati kera abatutsi bacyorora inka
Bavugaga ko zisa na nyirazo
None izi ndagara zisa na Kagame
Abatutsi bagwa mu kantu
Kamaze umwanya nk’uwo guhumbya
Bihozagara ava ku ntebe
Agwa yubamye araramya
Asenga nyir’igisenge
Ati ungire umushumba mwimanyi
Iby’ubworozi narabyize
Ndagire indagara ubwo zikamwa
Baraseka barenzaho

Mukankomeje yiha ijambo
Arateshaguzwa bagwa mu kantu
Ashima Kagame akeza indagara
Arahimbarwa arataraka
Akura inkanda asa n’ubandwa
Bitera Musoni isoni n’ubwuzu
Ahisha amaso mu gishura cya Kirabo
Bitera isoni abatutsi
Basaba Kagame gusoza ingando

Basoza bavuza impanda
Uwo munsi wandikwa mu mateka
Ngo usimbure uw’intwari
Witwe umunsi w’indagara

Benjah Rutabana

Ibyahishuwe

Vénuste Mupenzi/facebook

Rugira kera wabaga i Rwanda
Ndate Imana igaba ubutware
Wowe biganza bizira ubwiko
Ngo umpe guhirwa n’iyi nganzo
Mbone nkubwire ibyo ndora hirya.

Harya wararaga nta nduru
Inda mbi yaje ihagira itongo
Urwango rwisasira ubutware
Icyago kibasira abayoboke
Ngo hato utazagaruka bakuramya!

Kuva wahabura ubuturo
Imitima yataye ibitereko,
Intumwa natumye yatinze nzira
Uba waramenye ko rushya cyane
Dore izo wasize ntizikirisha
Zirimo injishi iziboha cyane
None buracya bwanga kwira
Amaso yerekeye ikirere
Ngo uratabara nk’ibya kera.

Ese ntiwagarura kirazira
Ngo abawe twese tuzire rutuku
Ngo ugabe imbuto iduha kubana
Nta mwiryane i Rwanda rwawe?

Nawe iyo uhaba wari gushoberwa
Ariko tuza nkumare inyota;

Cyono nawe fata imigambi
Dore isaso wararaga iriho imungu
Naho inkingi wacaga utaha
Ubu n’urushishi rurayisunika
Inzu yo bayimaze imiganda.

Ahari wagize ngo ruragendwa?
Bwa hehe kuva tukubura!

Urya mugoroba wanga kuza
Amahano yakomeje kugwira
Amahema akwira imisozi yose
Kugeza n’ubu hahishwa amaso
Ngo inyoko nk’iyo irimo inyamaswa
Irindwa abana bataba impfubyi
Intare yabageze imikaka.

Ariko se nkubaze!

Burya watumaga nyina wa Jambo
Akiza i Kibeho kuhadusura
Ko bwakeye hakagwa abawe
waba bose warababonye
Ko batashyinguwe nk’intwari?

Tukagira ngo bizahosha
Iminsi irisuka nk’amahindu
Ari na ko inkota ikurusha umurimo!

Harya ngo uzababarira bose?

Ni nde utakora amarorerwa?
Niba uwo murage ugikomeza!

Ngicyo igituma batagutinya
Bakakakubeshya ngo barakuramya
Nawe imbabazi uti »mwakire »
Kandi impuhwe barazineye
Bariburenge impinga bica
Ibyo waremye babica ku isi
Nk’aho bakurusha ubutware.

Nka barya baturusha inda ndende
Baducuze iyobokamana
Burya se koko urabashima?

Bagira kwirukankana ibitabo
Ku wa mungu ngo tubature
Ya maturo batagushyira
Kandi yaratuvunnye bagaramye
Bagakora ibyaha biruta ibyacu
N’aho bagarukiye bakaza
Ibitabo byawe bagata hirya
Maze amaturo bagaha iryinyo.

Bya biterane bakumurika
Burya si shyashya mba nkwirabura
Ni amatiku yo kudushyenga
Ni amaringushyo areshya abacu
Ngo bahere hirya iyo mu kigunda
Izina ryawe bakarisiga
Bwa busembwa bw’ingeso ntabwa.

Ntibava ku izima byo urabizi
Byajya gucika bati « HALLELUYA ».

Kandi ndi wowe naza nemye
Ngacyura abaheze iyo mi kigunda
Abanyitwaza nkabaha ibihano
Ngafata na ya ngoro nkayuhagira
Maze iyo myaku igashira i Rwanda
Kuko naza ntari inyanda
Cyangwa ngo nsesere bunyenzi.

Naza rwose ndi myugariro
Ntanyaga ibihogo n’amagaju
Ntavanga imirya n’imiryango
Naza ntavugirwa n’urushako
Naza ntaryoherwa ubudasigaza
Naza rwose nzira agafuni
Nta biboko nta buroko.

Naza nirinda ibigutiya
Naza ntarya ingagi n’ibirunga
Naza ntarya amateme n’imihanda
Naza ntarya imisoro n’imisanzu
Naza ntagira abo mpeza hanze
Naza ndwanya akazu burundu
Naza ntanga akazi mu bantu.

Ngaho banguka nk’Imana
Uce urwikekwe no ku nkike
Amahoro atsinde amahano iwawe
Intare y’akanwa ihabwe imyambi
Ejo itazaduca ku rubyaro.

Ntuzace ariko iy’u Burera
Ntihaba icyicaro cy’ingoro yawe
Dore n’izubatswe zirasenywa
Ngo interahamwe itaryama
Bayikanga nk’imandwa mbi
Bayirwanya nka Ruzagayura
Bayiririmbana ubwira
Ngo amahanga agire ubwuzu
Amacumu agwire bayitsembe.

Ngaho ngwino ukamirwe amariza
Ngwino uzindutse nk’ijoro ryiza
Mugongo mugari w’inyabutatu
Imana nzima yahoze i Rwanda.

MUPENZI B. VENUSTE

4/2003

Ninde warashe indege ya Habyalimana

Yuvenari Habyarimana, prezida w'u Rwanda : 1973-1994

Iyi rapport ya Trévidic biragaragara ko izanye ibintu bibili by’ingenzi: kutubwira aho missile yarashe indege ya Habyalimana yaturutse , icya kabili kutubwira ubwoko bwa missile yarashe iyo ndege. Izi elements zombi nizo mperaho nkora analyse yo kureba uwaba yararashe indege ya Habyalimana. Mu by’ukuri kumenya aho indege yarasiwe ntibiduha information nyinshi zituma tumenya uwaba yararashe indege. Ariko kumenya ubwoko bwa missile yarashe indege bishobora kudufasha kumenya uwarashe iyo ndege.

1. UBWOKO BWA MISSILE

Icyo iyi rapport ya Trévidic ihuriyeho n’iya BruguiÃ¨re ni uko bose bahuriza ko iyo missile yarashe indege ya Habyalimana ari Missile SA16 yakorewe mu Burusiya. Ikibazo twakwibaza mu rwego rwo kumenya uwarashe indege ni kureba icyo gisasu cyarashe indege arinde wari ugitunze hagati ya ba FAR na ba FPR ? Ama rapport ya Minuar ndetse na za facture z’intwaro zerekana ko aba FAR iyo missile SA16 ntayo bagiraga .

Naho ku gice cya FPR birazwi ko FPR yakoresheje izo misile bien avant mu ntambara ihanura helicoptère ebyiri za ba FAR. Ikindi icyo gisasu byagaragaye ko ari leta ya Uganda yakiguze bahereye mu ma facture yerekanwe baguzemo intwaro. Ibi Museveni ntiyigeze abihakana ko koko iyo missile SA16 bari bayifite mu ntwaro zabo. Icyo yongeraho ni uko yavuze ko aba FPR bamwibye intwaro cyangwa ko batorotse igisirikari cya NRA bagatera u Rwanda.

Ikindi MINUAR yari ifite intwaro nyinshi yazanye ije muri mission ya ONU kugeza uyu munsi nta muntu ndumva avuga ko intwaro bazanye zose zari ziwi ku buryo iyo missile SA16 nabo bataba bari bayifite. Ese buri contingent yazanaga intwaro ishaka cyangwa bari bafite intwaro bagomba kuzana n’izo batagomba kuzana ? Ni iki cyatwemeza ko iyo missile muri MINUAR nabo batari bayifite ?

2. ABA MARINES B’ABANYAMERIKA I BUJUMBURA

Umuntu yakwibaza impamvu President Clinton yohereje aba marines bagera kuri 300 i Bujumbura vers le 2 Avril 94 kandi nyuma y’indege iguye bahise basubirayo mu ma le 10 Avril 94. Abo basilikari kuki ataribo baba barinjiye mu gihugu biyita MINUAR, binjijwe n’umukozi wabo Dallaire ? Uniforme se za MINUAR ntibyavuzwe ko hari iz’ababiligi zazimiye ? Nibande bari bazikeneye ? Abanyarwanda se ? non. Ese twamenya gute nta ba marines binjiye mu gihugu bafashijwe na MINUAR nuko bagakoresha iyo missile SA16 yari mu Rwanda ? Iyo missile kuyigeza i Kanombe aho bavuga ko barasiye indege ntibyari kunanira MINUAR kuko nta barriÃ¨re nimwe yabahagarikaga cyangwa ngo ibasake. Uwo mucommando w’umunyamerika waba yarakoresheje iyo missile ya FPR niwe abaturage babonye yambaye imyenda ya MINUAR y’ababiligi nuko rumeur ko Habyalimana yishwe n’ababiligi igahera ho ?

3. URUHARE RW’ABAFARANSA

Abafaransa mbere na mbere barashaka ko uruhare rwabo mu gutoza interahamwe rutongera kuvugwa ndetse ko n’abasilikari babo badakomeza gushyirwa mu majwi n’ubutegetsi bwa Kigali. Ndetse bamwe mu bayobozi bakuru ntibahisha ko bibarakaza guhora batungwa agatoki twavuga nka ba Alain JuppÃ© n’abandi ba officiers bakuru. Ikindi Abafaransa ubu icyo bashaka ni ukugarukana influence muri Africa no gushaka aho biba umutungo kuko crise economique iri kubakomanga ku rugi aho mu Burayi.

Ni muri urwo rwego Abafaransa bo icyo bakeneye ni ugushyira inyungu zabo imbere ya byose. Ntibifuza ko reputation yabo ikomeza kugaragurwa mu cyondo kandi bakaba banishakira aho bakura cash kubera ko ka crise kari kubageraho vuba vuba. Niyo mpamvu nabo bakeneye kujya muri Congo, Cote d’Ivoire, Lybie, etc kugirango igihugu cyabo gihumeke ho gato. Mu mishyikirano hagati ya Sarkozi na Kagame iherutse i Paris umwaka ushize president Kagame yavuze ko ibyabaye ari ukubyibagirwa ko ubu ari ukureba imbere.

Ayo masezerano rero niyo tubona uyu munsi Kagame abwira Sarkozy ngo izo rapport muzikore ku buryo FPR idashyirwa mu majwi y’abarashe indege naho na France nayo yunguke mu bucuruzi kandi n’izina ryabo ntiryongere kugaragurwa mu cyondo baregwa kuba aba genocidaire bashyigikiye leta ya Habyalimana. Niba Kagame yarabemereye isoko ryo kwibamo rya Congo aho ama compagnie yabo azaza kuvoma nayo nabo bakamwizeza ko nta suite izaba kuri iyo rapport y’uwarashe indege, ubwo byagaragara ko ubucamanza bwanyonzwe ko ibyo tubona ubu ari ukumvikana muri politiki ntaho bihuriye n’ukuri ku byabaye.

4. URUHARE RWA MINUAR

MINUAR ya Dallaire yagize uruhare rukomeye mu iraswa rya Habyalimana. Icya mbere nibo bacungaga intwaro zose mu mu gi wa Kigali, icya kabili banyuraga kuri barriÃ¨re zose badasatswe. Bivuze ko niba MINUAR iri muri coup yo kurasa indege kugeza umu commando (umunyamerika, umu FPR, etc..) aho arasira ndetse no kuhageza iyo missile SA16 byari byoroshye cyane kuribo. Niba iyo missile yarashoboye kwinjira muri Parlement ku Kimihurura iherekejwe na Minuar kuva ku Mulindi kugera muri Parlement, ntabwo MINUAR byari kuyinanira kwongera kuyigeza i Kanombe aho bavuga ko tir zaturutse.

Agasozi ka Kanombe rero ni kanini si ngombwa ko urasa aba ari muri camp Kanombe. Kuba MINUAR yarahitaga ku ma barrière yose badasatswe byerekana ko bashoboraga gufasha umuntu warashe indege niba ahubwo atari umwe muri bo. Nk’ababiligi bashyizwe mu majwi ko baba bararashe iyo ndege. Kuvana missile muri Parlement bakayigeza i Kanombe byari byoroshye cyane kuko nta mu ntu numwe wabasakaga bahitaga ku ma barriÃ¨re yose.

Ikindi twibuka ni uko muri icyo gihe MINUAR ariyo yakoraga controle y’intwaro zose muri Kigali mu bice byombi kuba FAR no kuri FPR. Bivuze ko bari bazi circulation yose y’intwaro mu mugi kuko banagiraga imfunguzo za stock z’imbunda mu ma camp militaire kuko hose bahagiraga abantu babo bareba ko imbunda zitangwa.

5. URUHARE RWA BA FAR

Iyi rapport ya Trévidic nubwo itavuga barashe indege, ubu mu ma television y’isi yose biravugwa ko Habyalimana yishwe n’abantu bo muri camps ye b’aba extremistes Hutu. Iyi thèse biragoye kuyemera kuko aba FAR nta missile SA16 bagiraga nkuko nabivuze hejuru. Ariko rero aba FAR bashobora kuba batararabutswe ko hari abafaransa bashoboraga kurasa iriya ndege ya Habyalimana bagiranye ibanga na ba FAR bacye cyane. Abo bafaransa nta mu FAR numwe wabishishaga kandi bageraga ahantu hose kandi bagaca ku ma barrière badasatswe.

Ubundi uyu mu jugeTrévidic agomba no kwerekana uruhare rw’abafaransa nka ba Paul Baril kuko hari n’abavuga ko ariwe warashe Habyalimana. Ninde wamuhaye ikiraka ? Naho se Major Saint Quintin we wagiye gushaka boite noire mu ndege indege ikigwa ? Iyi thèse nayo irashoboka kuko abafaransa nibo bagize accès kuri site indege yaguyeho ninabo batwaye boite noire itarigeze iboneka cyangwa barayisibye kubera des informations compromettantes. Abafaransa bo hari anabavuga ko bifuzaga kubura imirwano no kuburizamo amasezerano ya Arusha. Niba Habyalimana yarabatunguye agasinya baba aribo bamuhitanye ? Ikibazo ese iyo missile yarashe ya SA16 bari bayifite abo ba Paul Baril ? Iyi missile niyo ishobora gutuma piste yabo ikurwamo.

6. URUHARE RWA FPR

Duhereye kuri iyo missile SA16 yarashe indege ya Habyalimana, dusanga mu gice cya FPR iyo missile bari bayitunze. Iyo missile (bakuye mu Buganda nkuko ama factures y’ubuguzi muri Uganda abyerekana) bigeze no kuyikoresha mbere bahanura za helicoptères za ba FAR. Kandi abasilikari ba FPR 600 bari muri Parlement ku Kimihurura bashoboye kuyivana ku Mulindi bayigeza ku Kimihurura bagiye mu byabindi byo kuzana inkwi. Kandi uko bajyagayo buri gihe bagombaga kuba baherekejwe na MINUAR.

Niba rero iyo missile yarashoboye kuva ku Mulindi ikagera ku Kimihurura ni uko na MINUAR yabigizemo uruhare kuko yari ishinzwe gusaka imbunda ndetse no kubuza inyanyagizwa ry’imbunda muri Kigali muri cya gihe cy’amasezerano ya Arusha. Niba rero iyo missile SA16 barasanze ariyo yakoreshejwe mu kurasa indege birerekana ko FPR ishobora gutungwa agatoki kuko nibo bari batunze iyo missiles kandi aba FAR iyo missiles ntayo bari batunze. Ubu rapport ya Trévidic na BruguiÃ¨re bemeza bombi ko missile yarashe iyo ndege ari SA16 yakorewe mu Burusiya. FPR rero yari iyifite yarayikuye i Buganda kuko abaganda bo ntibahakana ko bari bazitunze muri stock y’intwaro zabo.

7. URUHARE RWA HABYALIMANA

Iyi rapport ya Trévidic isa nkigira umwere Habyalimana kuko niba propagande zivuga ko yishwe na ba hutu extremistes babonaga ajenjetse kandi ko yari yemeye amasezerano ya Arusha, byerekana ko ibyo tuvuga kuri Habyalimana ko ariwe wateguye genocide ataribyo. Niba yaragombaga kubanza kwicwa kugirango genocide itangire ahubwo icyo gihe twavuga ko Habyalimana ari le premier victime du genocide. Ubwo niba Kigali ikomeza kwemeza ko Habyalimana yishwe na ba extremiste hutu kugirango genocide tutsi itangire bivuze ko Habyalimana abaye heros national kandi ko agomba gushyingurwa mu irimbi ry’intwari zarwanyije genocide. Il faut être cohérant.

CONCLUSION

Mu gusoza navuga ko kumenya aho igisasu cyarasiwe bidahagije ngo umenye uwarashe uwo ariwe. Ariko kumenya igisasu cyakoreshejwe mu kurasa indege bishobora gufasha kugera ku muntu warashe iyo ndege. Ikindi kumenya gukoresha iyo missile bisaba kuba warafashe amasomo agera ku masaha 60. Duhereye kubyo navuze hejuru navuga ko hari piste enye z’abantu bashobora kuba bararashe Habyalimana uyu mucamanza agomba gukurikira:

1. Abantu bagomba kubaza icyo abo basilikari b’abanyamerika bakoraga i Burundi depuis le 2 Avril kugera le 10 Avril 94 ? Ese baba barashoboye kwiyoberanya muri MINUAR bafashijwe na Dallaire ? Ese uwarashe indege ni umwe muribo ? Bari baje gukora iki muri icyo gihe ? Aba bantu ko nta rapport nimwe bagaragaramo ?

2. Ku rundi ruhande aba FPR bari batunze iriya missile SA16 kuko bigeze guhanura za helicoptère za ba FAR mu gihe cy’intambara. Kugera aho kuri site barasiye indege ese MINUAR yaba yarabafashije kuhagera no gutambutsa icyo gisasu cyari kibitse muri Parlement ko bizwi ko MINUAR nta muntu wayihagarikaga kuri barrière ?

3. Niba ari Ababiligi barayirashe bivuze ko bitwikiriye akazi kabo ka MINUAR nuko bagakorera akazi FPR bakoresheje icyo gisasu cya FPR cyari kibitse ku Kimihurura ?

4. Niba ari abafaransa Paul Baril cyangwa Saint-Quintin barashe indege baba barakoraga na bamwe ba extremiste hutu ? Ese iyo missile SA16 baba barayikuyehe ? Ese kuki boite noire babonye ku ndege bahisemo kuyisha ni iki cyatumaga batayitangaza directement niba ntacyo bikekaga ?

Izo nizo piste enye à suivre ku barashe Habyarimana. Piste ya ba FAR yo iragoye kuyemera kuko batagiraga iyo missile, kandi MINUAR yari yarakoze inventaire zose z’intwaro zari zihari iyo missile y’ubwo bwoko yakorewe mu Burusiya ntayo bagiraga. Umuntu warashe indege ni umuntu washoboraga kubona iriya missile SA16 niyo mpamvu piste y’abasilikari ba Habyalimana idashoboka kuko ntayo bagiraga.

Ikindi uruhare rwa MINUAR mu kurasa iyi ndege ni runini cyane ku buryo abari muri iyo mission ya MINUAR nibi ba mbere bagomba guhatwa ibibazo kuko bazi byinshi cyane. Kuba nta muntu ubavuga ni uko bakoreraga akazi une puissance iri hejuru. Iyi rapport ya Trévidic navuga ko icyo izanye gusa ari ukumenya aho indege yarasiwe ko ari ku gasozi ka Kanombe kandi ikanatumenyesha ubwoko bwa missile yarashe indege. Naho akazi gasigaye ko ni kenshi mu nzira yo kumenya ukuri. Abari muri propagande zo kuvuga abarashe indege bo nibabe bitonze ntakaraba.

N’AKATARAZA KARI INYUMA.
TITO KAYIJAMAHE.
Montreal – Canada

Byakuwe kuri DHR 12/01/2012

Kubarura amasambu mu Rwanda bihishe iki?

Hashizi iminsi Leta y’u Rwanda yaratangiye igikorwa cyo kubarura amasambu. Ni igikorwa cyiza ariko ntibyatinze kubona ko kigamije kwambura masambu abaturage binyuze mu mateko adahwitse. Agaco gateka u Rwanda kahise kavuga ko buri muntu agomba gusorera isambu ye. Abaturage, batagira n’urwara rwo kwishima, bahise ahenshi batabaza, berekana ko ayo mafaranga ntayo babona ko ari menshi cyane kuko batanafite n’ikibatunga. Ahenshi inzara iranuma ndetse n’uwejeje abuzwa kurya icby yingiye. Ni akumiro.

Nkuko rero ari itegeko rishyiraho uwo musoro w’amasambu, abatazashobora kuwutanga, amaherezo amasambu yabo azatezwa cyamunara. Azagurwa na ka gatsiko kari ku butegetsi cyangwa amashumi yako kuko bafite amafranga atagira uko angana, ari ayo bakuye mu bintu basahuye bafata u Rwanda muri 94, cyane cyane mu migi nka Kigali, ari n’ayo bakuye muri Kongo bagurisha amabuye y’agaciro cyangwa ayo bateruye mu mabanki y’icyo gihugu.

Nta sambu kandi ari yo yari imutunze, umuturage azasigara ari umutindi nyakujya, yicwe n’indwara n’inzara. Nicyo ako gatsiko gashaka kugeraho : kurimbura imbaga kandi kagoresheje itegeko! Amategeko aragwira ariko ayo mu Rwanda yo ni agahoma munwa. Mperutse kubona ngo Depite asaba ko yongererwa imishahara. Akora iki uretse kwemeza amategeko yo gukandamiza abaturage bamutoye?

Ubundu buriganya buteye inkeke kandi butavuga, ni uko ubu ibyo byo kwamburwa masambu byatangiye ku bundi buryo. Umugambi ugeze kure ushyirwa mu bikorwa. Hari abambuwe amasambu kuva muri 94 ubwo babwirwaga ko bagabana n’abari batahutse. Abatarahasize agatwe baremye, bagasigarana umuhaga utera, aheza hagafatwa n’utahutse kuko yabaga hagarikiwe n’umuhungu we Afandi cyangwa undi mwene wabo ukomye mu Cyama. Ibyo byabaye cyane mu burengerazuba ndtse no muri Kigali muri payizana za Masaka, n’ahandi.

Ubu rero ikiriho ni uko mu duce tumwe tw’u Rwanda, abatware bahungutse cyangwa abana babo ndetse n’abuzukuru, bagaruye icyo bita « ibikingi ». Mbera ya 1959, ku ngoma ya gihake, umutware bamugabiraga guteka akarere, yahagera, akimura abaturage, ku musozi umwe cyangwa ibiri, ndetse n’itatu, akahagira urwuri rw’inka ze. Abaturage bimuwe bagasembera, bagatindahara. Ngo wirukankana umugabo kera ukamumara ubwoba. Byageze ubwo abo baturage bafata iya mbera, barivumbagatanya, bakuraho iyo ngoma ya gihake yari yarabashyize mu bucakara, bayikorera nta gihembo, ibambura utwabo, n’ibindi. Abo batware n’abo bari bafatanije kuzambya abaturage baruhunze. Muri 1994 aho abana babo bafatiye ubutegetsi baragaruka. Ubu rero, aho ibyo by’ibarura ry’amasaambu byaziye, abo bari bafite ibikingi biri ku masambu bambuye abaturage, baje kubibaruza, bimura abaturage karahava. Babifashwamo n’abahagariye Ibuka mu turere. Ubu mu Rwanda hari abantu batagira aho batuye cyangwa se basigaranye inzu itagira imbera cyangwa inyuma, kubera ko ba nyiri ibi bikingi bagaruye akamenyero kabo ka kera ko kwambura isambu umuturage nta nkurikizi. Mbese u Rwanda rwasubiye nka mbere ya 59.

Uwo mururumba uvanze n’ubugizi bwa nabi muribuka ko watangiwe na perezida Pahulo Kagame ubwo yafataga hegitari zirenga 40 ku nkengero z’ikiyaga cya Muhazi agashyiramo inka ze avuga ko iyo sambu yari iya mwene wabo. Abandi baboneyeho nabo baragenda mu karere k’Umutara, bimura abaturage, bafata za hegitare nyinshi (bamwe bari bafite izirenga ijana) nabo barazitira, abaturage bimuwe barangara. Ubwo byateye impagara, perezida ajyayo bya nyirarurehswa, avuga ko amasambu bayasubiza bene yo. Gukemura ikibazo abishinga generali Fred Ibingira, nawe wari ufite igikingi kinini cyane yirukanyemo abaturage.

Ibarura ry’amasambu rero, riri mu mugambi muremure wateguwe n’agatsiko ko muri FPR wo gusubiza abaturage mu bucakara, kandi kari hafi yo kuwugeraho. Muribuka ko batangiye basenya amazu ya nyakatsi abaturage benshi bakaba barara rwa ntambi kuko nta mafaranga bari bafite yo kugura amabati cyangwa amategura. Ubu abashoboye kubaka inzu ya kijyamber ngo nabo bagomba kuzisorera. Yewe burya ngo uwarose nabi burinda bucya.

Ninde uzarenganura abo baturage ko ubundi umutegetsi ariwe ufite iyo nshingano none akaba ariwe nyirabayaza? Bizagenda bite? Amaherezo ni ayahe? Abaturage se bafite imbaraga nk’izo muri 59 ngo bivumbagatanye amazi atarerenga inkombe? Ntabwo byoroshye kuko ubu, buri gasozi kariho itsinda ry’abasilikari rifite imbunda. Hababa n’abakada kuri buri ngo icumi. Habaka intore,… Hari umuturage uramutse ushatse kubyutsa umutwe, bawumena. Nta rwinyagamburiro afite na busa. Ni ukwemera, agapfa yumva.

Ariko rero, gupfa ni ugupfa. Bizageraho babe ibyihebe, bapfe nabo hari uwo bahitanye. Ibyo se abategetsi b’u Rwanda barabibona? Ntibabona se ko muri iyi minsi mu bihugu by’abarabu abaturage bemeye kuraswa bagahangana n’abasirikari kandi bagatsinda bagakuraho ubutegetsi bwari bwarabakandamije?

Guteka, ni ukumva icyo abaturage bavuga, icyo bashaka. Niyo demokarasi.

Gervais Gicumbi
10/01/2012

Inzara zateye mu Rwanda rwa kera

Kuva kera u Rwanda rwagiye ruterwa n’amapfa akayogoza igihugu, abantu bagapfa abandi bagasuhuka bajya kureba iyi bweze. Aho abazungu bagereye mu Rwanda niho ubushakashatsi kuri ibyo byorezo bwatangiye. Ibyo twashoboye kumenya ni :

*Muhatigicumuro (Astrida) 1890

*Kijugunya 1895. Habaye amapfa menshi ku ngomz ya Kigeri Rwabugiri, ariko iyakoze ishyano cyane ni Kijugunya.

*Ruyaga 1902-1903

*Rwakabaga 1904-1905

*Kimwaramwara 1907-1908

*Rumanurimbaba 1917-1918

*Kakwege cyangwa Ntunyajweho muri Byumba 1924-1925

*Rwakayihura 1928-1929 rukiga kwa chef kayihura

*Ruzagayura 1943-1944 : Ni izina yari ifite muri teritwari ya Nyanza, Kibungo na Astrida ; yitwaga Matemane muri Byumba na Kigali, Gahoro ku Gisenyi na Kibuye, na Rudakangwimishanana mu Ruhengeri. Cyangugu nta nzara yigeze ibayo, abantu benshi bashonje niyo basuhukiraga.

Ingoma z’Abahutu za mbere

Ingoma zabanjirije ingoma y’u Rwanda rw’Abanyiginya zategekwaga n’Abahutu. Dore uko zari ziteye duhereye ku bwoko bw’abazitegekaga :

1. Abenengwe

Ingoma yabo yitwaga Nyamibande. Bategekaga u Bungwe. Ni igihugu cyabumbaga u Busanza bw’amajyepfo, u Bufundu, Nyaruguru, Bashumba, Nyakare, u Buyenzi. Ikiranga bwoko cyabo cyari ingwe. Umwami wari uriho ku mwaduko w’Abanyiginya yari Rwamba akaba yari atuye mu bya Nyakizu muri Butare.

Hari amukomokaho bitwa Abenerwamba. Undi mwami w’umwenengwe wategekaga igihugu cye kijya gutsindwa n’u Rwanda ni Samukende, umugabo wa Nyagakecuru ko mu Bisi bya Huye. Umuhungu w’uwo Samukende ari we Rubuga, yaratsinzwe maze igihugu cye kigarurirwa n’u Rwanda.

2. Abasinga

Ingoma yabo yitwaga Mpatsibihugu. Bakunze kuvuga ko akarere bari barimo kari kagari cyane. Twibuke ko Abasinga bari ugutatu: ab’ibanze ari bo Basinga b’abasangwabutaka, hakaba n’abandi baje nyuma y’Abanyiginya, ari bo Abanukamishyo n’Abagahe.

Abo Basinga b’abasangwabutaka banabitaga « Ababyarabami », kuko abami ba mbere barindwi b’u Rwanda bikurikiranyije bavuka ku Basingakazi. Umwe mu bami babo w’igihangange ngo yitwaga Rurenge. Ibyo byatumye bamwe banabita Abarenge; ni ukuvuga ariko inzu ivamo abami babo nk’uko tuvuga Abahindiro (Abanyiginya).

Igihe cy’umwaduko w’Abanyiginya, umwami w’umusinga yari Jeni rya Rurenge. Mu by’ukuri bamuvugaho byinshi bisa n’imigani. Icvakora ngo yari atuye ku Rwerere rw’i Bugoyi. Mbese yari akubye ubutaka bungana na Perefegitura ya Gisenyi, iya Kibuye, Bunyambiriri muri Gikongoro.

Abasinga b’icyo gihe bari basakaye no mu zindi ntara zo muri Cyangugu y’ubu: Biru, Cyesha, Mpara, Busozo, Bukunzi. Mu karere k’amajyaruguru ya Kivu, hari intara zari ziganjemo Abasinga: Bwishya, Jomba, Gisigari, Bwito, Gishari, Byahi na Kamuronsi. Abasinga babarizwaga no mu Burwi (Mvejuru na Buhanga-Ndara muri Butare y’ubu). Nta gitangaje rero kuba abitwa Abasinga kuri iki gihe ari bo benshi mu moko y’u Rwanda mu ijanisha.

3. Abazigaba

Ingoma yabo yari Sera. Umwami wabo ku mwaduko w’Abanyiginya yari Kabeja, akaba umwami wo mu Rweya (abandi bati : wo mu Mubari). Bavuga ko Abazigaba baje baturuka mu by’ikiyaga cya Victoria (Vigitoriya). Twibuke ko no mu burengerazuba bwa Tanzaniya hari Abazigaba batari bake, cyane mu bya Karagwe.

4. Abagesera

Ingoma yabo yari Rukurura. Igihugu bategekaga ni Gisaka (Gihunya, Mirenge na Migongo). Izina ryabo rifitanye isano n’iry’ikiyaga cya Mugesera. Hari n’abavuga ko u Bugesera bwigeze gutegekwa n’abagesera.

5. Abacyaba

Ingoma yabo yari Rugara. Igihugu bategekaga cyitwaga Bugara kikabumba amahugu akikije ibiyaga bya Burera na Ruhondo, kigashora kuri Mukungwa na Base. Hari n’akarere kagiye mu ruhande rwa Uganda. Umwami wamamaye wabo ni Nzira ya Muramira umwami w’u Bugara wahiritswe ku mayeri na Ruganzu Ndori.

Abacyaba babarirwa kandi mu moko ya kera cyane mu Bugesera, nk’Abasinga, Abazigaba n’abandi.

6. Abungura

Ingoma yabo y’ingabe yitwaga Kamuhagama. Nta wuzi igihugu batwaraga uko cyitwag n’aho cyagarukiraga. Ariko ikidashidikanywa ni uko icyo gihugu cyari kigizwe n’utu turere : Bumbogo, Buriza, Busigi, Bwanacyambwe. Birashobka ko Abungura bategekaga n’igice cy’u Buganza ndetse n’u Rukaryi rutarigarurirwa n’Abahondogo bo mu Bugesera.

7. Ababanda

Ingoma yabo y’ingabe yitwaga Nyabahinda. Igihugu cy’Ababanda cyitwaga Nduga. Bakundaga kuvuga ngo « Nduga ngari ya Gisari na Kibanda ». Gisari ni muri Komini Ntongwe naho Kibanda iri muri Komini Nyamabuye. »Nduga ngari » yari ibumbye uturere twose twa Perefegitura ya Gitarama, ukongeraho Komini Nyabisindu (Busanza-Nord), Shyanda, Ntyazo na Muyira zo muri Butare. Ababanda bigeze no kwambuka Nyabarongo, bagura igihugu batera u Rwanda ku bwa Mibambwe I Mutabazi, bayobowe na Ngoga mwene Mashira umwami w’i Nduga. Buhiraga inka zabo mu Muhima wa Kigali ngo « Abahima ntibahakandire! » Umwami uheruka wabaye ikirangirire ni Mashira wa Nkuba ya Sabugabo.

Yari afite ingo enye zikomeye aha hakurikira : Kibanda muri Komini Nyamabuye, Cyubi muri Komini Rutobwe, Kigina cya Ndiza bugufi y’isoko y’umugezi wa Nyakabanda uri hafi y’ibiro bya Komini Nyakabanda, na Nyanza muri Komini Nyabisindu.

Mu Burundi hari umuryango w’Ababanda ubarirwa mu Batutsi b’indobanure, nyamara kandi hari abitwa « Abashira » ngo bakomoka kuri Mashira, ariko bo bakaba Abahutu. Ikizwi ni uko mu Rwanda hambere aha bakunze kuvuga ko nta Mubanda w’umututsi ubaho: ibyo bivugwa ahanini biturutse kuri bamwe mu Babanda bitwa Abatutsi, cyane muri Nyaruguru ho muri Gikongoro.

Dore muri make uko Ababanda bari batuye mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 1960: ahanini ni igipande gihurutuye kuva mu Rwankeri (Ruhengeri) kikamanuka gisesa mu Marangara (Gitarama) unyuze mu Buhoma, mu Bushiru bw’iburasirazuba, mu Bukonya, mu Cyingogo, Ndiza. Muri icyo gipande hari ikigereranyo cya 31,17% y’Ababanda ku bahatuye bose.

8. Abahondogo bo mu Bugesera

Mu bihugu byabanjirije u Rwanda rw’Abanyiginya, A. Kagame nta mwanya yazigamiye u Bugesera bw’ Abahondogo. Ibyo birumvikana kuko kuri we uwahanze ingoma y’u Bugesera ari we Kanyabugesera, ari mwene Gihanga; bityo rero akaba umuvandimwe wa Kanyarwanda, akabarirwa muri bene wabo b’Abanyiginya. Izina ry’ubututsi rya Kanyabugesera ni Mugondo. Ingoma y’ingabe y’Abahondogo yitwaga Rukombamazi, naho imfizi y’ubwami ikitwa Rushya. Byombi byatwawe n’Abanyarwanda mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya XVIII, ku ngoma ya Mibambwe III Sentabyo. Abahondogo bari mu Rwanda ubu ni mbarwa. Ni Abatutsi gusa. Abahondogo bo mu Bugesera hafi ya bose biyita Abashambo. Alexis Kagame avuga ko Abahondogo ari ubwoko, kuko bafite ikirangabwoko: Ishwima. Mariseli d’Hertefelt (Deritefeliti) we yemeza ko kubera ubuke bwabo, Abahondogo atari ubwoko; ahubwo ari inzu yari ku butegetsi kimwe n’Abahindiro b’i Rwanda. Yohani Vansina we avuga ko byaba byiza gushakira igisubizo nyacyo mu Burundi, kuko ari ho hari Abahondogo benshi cyane. Tumenye kandi ko Abahondogo babarirwa mu miryango ine abami b’i Burundi bashakagamo abageni. Imiryango itatu yindi ni Abanyakarama Mfyufyu, Abenengwe n’Abanyagisaka. Iyo miryango uko ari ine ibarirwa mu y’Abatutsi b’izina (ni ukuvuga bo mu rwego rwo hejuru), ari bo « Abanyaruguru » .

Umwanzuro ku ngoma z’Abahutu.

Padiri Léon Delmas (Delimasi) wabaye i Nyanza ibwami akora ubushakashatsi mu bya 1940, ahamya mu gitabo cye « Généalogie » (Jeneyaloji) ko abagabo bajijukiye ibya kera yabajije bemeza nta shiti ko ku mwaduko w’Abanyiginya n’Abega (bombi bitwaga Ibimanuka), nta Batutsi bandi bari batuye mu Rwanda; igihugu cyose cyari gituwe n’Abahutu gusa, uretse ko ashobora kuba yaribagiwe Abatwa nkuko bikunze kumera.

Ikindi ni uko Abami b’abahutu bari bafite ibirangabwami:

Imbuto : iz’ingenzi z’umuhango kandi z’ingirakamaro icyo gihe zari enye alizo uburo, amasaka, isogi n’inzuzi z’imyungu; izo ni zo mbuto nkuru z’i Rwanda.
Urusengo : ifirimbi y’ibumba.
Ingoma y’ingabe : amazina amwe yazo twayabonye haruguru
Inyundo : yari ifite umwanya ukomeye kubera ubucuzi. Yitwaga Nyarushara.
Ingwe : Ingwe yarangaga ububasha bukomeye; kandi ikaba ikimenyetso ko abaturage barinzwe n’ingwe (= umwami) nta cyo bagomba kwikanga.

Ibyo birangabwami byatumaga umwami (bitaga n’umuhinza) yamamara agatinywa ndetse akubahwa. Ni we watangaga uburumbuke bw’imyaka. Ikindi ni uko yategekanaga n’umugabekazi, akunganirwa n’Abiru bari bashinzwe kumenya ingoma no kuboneza imihango mu ibanga. Bityo ubwami bwari bubumbye inzego ebyiri: urwa politiki n’urw’imihango cyangwa ivobokamana. Bene ubwo butegetsi abahanga babwise « royauté sacrée » mu rurimi rw’igifaransa.

Ingoma nyiginya yatangiye yigana byinshi mu byari ibirangabwami by’Abahutu, yiyongereraho ibyayo buhoro buhoro.

Bicagu Javan
(Twabyanditse twifashishije igitabo cyanditswe n’ishyaka RDR muri 2000 cyitwa « Umurage w’amateka »).

Inzego z’umutekano za perezida Kagame ni zo zari inyuma y’iterwa ry’ibisasu !

Jenerali Charles Kayonga ushinzwe inzego z'umutekano

Itohoza rimaze iminsi rikorwa n’Umuvugizi ryerekana ko abaturage bagera kuri babiri bishwe n’inzego z’umutekano za perezida Kagame, zikanakomeretsa abagera kuri cumi n’umunani. Iki gikorwa kikaba cyarabereye ahitwa mu Marembo mu murenge wa Nyabisindu ho mu karere ka Gasabo, ubwo izo nzego z’umutekano zateraga abaturage ibisasu.

Iki gikorwa cya bunyamaswa kikaba cyarakozwe n’inzego z’ubutasi za perezida Kagame mu rwego rwo kubona urwitwazo rw’impamvu z’umutekano muke, kugirango hataboneka urubuga rwa demokrasi n’ubwisanzure mu gihugu.
Iri yica rubozo ku baturage akaba atari bwo bwa mbere rikozwe n’ inzego z’umutekano za perezida Kagame, kuko na none zakunze kubikora kuva mu kwezi kwa gatatu 2010 mu bikorwa byateguraga amatora y’umukuru w’igihugu, aho perezida Kagame yashakaga gucecekesha abatavuga rumwe na we.

Leta ya Kagame ikaba ikoze ibi bikorwa bigayitse nyuma yo gusabwa n’abaterankunga kwisubiraho igatanga demokarasi mu gihugu.

Bamwe muri maneko za perezida Kagame badutangarije ko ibyo bikorwa byo gutera ibisasu abaturage byakozwe ku mabwiriza yari yaturutse i bukuru kugirango batere ubwoba abaturage hamwe no kumvisha abaterankunga ko hakiri kare gutanga demokrasi mu Rwanda.

Johnson, Europe.
Aho byavuye : Umuvugizi.com